The National Security Commission on Emerging Biotechnology (NSCEB) has released a pivotal report highlighting the strategic importance of biotechnology to U.S. national security and expressing concern over China’s rapid advancements in this sector. The report underscores that the United States, historically a leader in biotechnology, is now at risk of falling behind in critical areas as China surges ahead.
China’s strategic focus on biotechnology over the past two decades has led to significant advancements, including the adoption of technologies like CRISPR and progress in cell therapy. Green D Market Analytics has been chronicling the surge of industrial biotechnology capacity in China in the past 3 years. In this industry, Chinese firms are expanding their capacity and, in some cases, exceeding the performance of US and European companies. This expansion is supported by a more permissive regulatory environment and substantial investments, positioning China as a formidable competitor in the global biotechnology arena.
Biotechnology is integral to national security, encompassing applications in defense, public health, and economic resilience. The NSCEB report emphasizes that emerging biotechnologies, combined with artificial intelligence, will transform various aspects of national defense and civilian life. However, the U.S. faces challenges such as regulatory hurdles and underinvestment, which impede the rapid development and deployment of biotechnological innovations.
To address these challenges, the NSCEB recommends a comprehensive strategy, including a minimum investment of $15 billion over five years to support domestic biotech research and infrastructure. Key recommendations involve establishing a National Biotechnology Coordination Office within the White House, creating a $1 billion fund to support defense-relevant startups, and prohibiting US firms working with national security agencies from using Chinese biotech suppliers. These measures aim to bolster US competitiveness and safeguard national security interests.
On 9th April, four bipartisan congressional commissioners on the NSCEB—Commission Chair Senator Todd Young (R-IN) and Commissioners Senator Alex Padilla (D-CA), Representative Stephanie Bice (R-OK5), and Representative Ro Khanna (D-CA17)—jointly introduced the National Biotechnology Initiative Act in both the House and Senate to implement a key recommendation from the report. The National Biotechnology Initiative Act of 2025 would set in motion a whole-of-government approach to advancing biotechnology for U.S. national security, economic productivity, and competitiveness. The bill would establish a National Biotechnology Coordination Office within the Executive Office of the President to lead and coordinate federal biotechnology efforts.
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